MZO-001 – Molecular Cell Biology is the first subject of IGNOU M.Sc Zoology (MSCZOO). The cell cycle is a topic students meet early in the course and see again in term-end exams. Here is a quick revision.
The 4 phases of the cell cycle
| G1 phase | The cell grows in size, makes proteins and organelles, and gets ready to copy its DNA. |
| S phase | DNA replication takes place, so each chromosome now has two sister chromatids. |
| G2 phase | The cell keeps growing and makes the proteins needed for division. |
| M phase | Mitosis divides the nucleus, and cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. |
G1, S and G2 together are called interphase. Cells that stop dividing leave G1 and enter a resting state called G0.
Exam tip
- Draw a labelled circular diagram of the cycle.
- Mention the checkpoints at G1/S, G2/M and the spindle checkpoint in M phase.
- Add one line on how cyclins and CDKs control movement from one phase to the next.
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